Vol. 18 No. 1 (2019)
Original Articles

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the hexanic extract of "Echinodorus macrophyllus" (Kunth) Micheli in mice

PDF
  • Daniele C. Fernandes,
  • Bruna P. Martins,
  • David L. F. Medeiros,
  • Shirley V. M. Santos,
  • Carlos R. M. Gayer,
  • Leosvaldo S. M. Velozo,
  • Marsen G. P. Coelho
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12957/bjhbs.2019.53056

Published 2019-07-01

Keywords

  • Echinodorus macrophyllus,
  • Nociception,
  • Neurogenic inflammation,
  • Phytochemistry

How to Cite

1.
C. Fernandes D, P. Martins B, L. F. Medeiros D, V. M. Santos S, R. M. Gayer C, S. M. Velozo L, G. P. Coelho M. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the hexanic extract of "Echinodorus macrophyllus" (Kunth) Micheli in mice. BJHBS [Internet]. 2019 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];18(1):25-32. Available from: https://bjhbs.hupe.uerj.br/bjhbs/article/view/97

Copyright (c) 2019 Brazilian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Abstract

Introduction: Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli, Alismataceae, commonly known as “chapéu de couro”, is used in the treatment of various inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory neurogenic potential and perform the phytochemical analysis of its hexanic extract (HEEm). Mate-rial and methods: The HEEm was obtained by maceration of dried leaves with hexane (100 g d.w./2 L). Its composition was determined by GC-MS (DB1 column) by comparison of reten-tion indices in the database and literature. The antinociceptive potential was evaluated in SW or DBA/1 male mice using chemical (acetic acid and formalin), thermal (tail immersion and hot plate tests) and topical (xylene) nociception models, all approved by the Ethics Committee (CEA-IBRAG). Results: HEEM presented antinociceptive activity in the model of: acetic acid-induced writhing (52%; 25mg/kg); tail immersion (60 and 90 minutes; 50 mg/kg); hot-plate in 60 minutes (25 and 100mg/kg) and 120 minutes (25mg/kg); formalin tests, at the neurogenic (63.4%, 100mg/kg), and inflammatory (50%; 50 and 100mg/kg) phases; and in neurogenic inflammation induced by xylene (88.3%; 100mg/kg). These activities seem to be related to the terpene and fatty acid derivatives evidenced by GC-MS. Discussion: HEEm presented antinociceptive, as well as anti-inflammatory, activity by central and peripheral mechanisms, It consists of terpenic and fatty acid derivatives, described in the literature as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptives. Conclusions: HEEm showed antinoci-ceptive activity in all models, which can be related to the presence of terpenic and fatty acid derivatives.

PDF

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

  1. Abrahin O, Rodrigues RP, Nascimento VC, et al. Single-and 1. Newman DJ, Cragg GM. Natural products as sources of new drugs from 1981 to 2014. J Nat Prod. 2016;79:629-661.
  2. Ekor M. The growing use of herbal medicines: issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety. Front Pharmacol. 2013;4:177. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00177.
  3. de La Cruz MG. Plantas utilizadas por raizeiros na medicina popular em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. In: Plantas medicinais de Mato Grosso - A Farmacopeia Popular dos Raizeiros. Cuiabá, MG, Brazil, Carlini & Caniato, eds.; p.63-128,2008.
  4. Lopes CL, Albano F, Laranja GAT et al. Toxicological evaluation by in vitro and in vivo assays of an aqueous extract prepared from Echi-nodorus macrophyllus leaves. Toxicol Letters. 2000;116:189-198.
  5. da Silva GP, Fernandes DC, Vigliano MV et al. Flavonoid-enriched fraction from Echinodorus macrophyllus aqueous extract exhibits high in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity. J Pharm Phar-macol. 2016;68:1584-1596.
  6. Tannus-Rangel E, Santos SR, Lima JCS, et al. Topical and systemic anti-inflammatory effects of Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth.) Micheli (Alismataceae). J Med Food. 2010;13:1161-1166.
  7. Fernandes DC, Velozo LSM, Alves RA, et al. Antinociceptive activity of essential oil from Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth.) Micheli (Alismataceae). Rev Fitos. 2012;7:245-251.
  8. Strada CL, Lima KC, Silva VC, et al. Isovitexin as marker and bioactive compound in the antinociceptive activity of the Brazilian crude drug extracts of Echinodorus scaber and E. Grandiflorus. Braz J Pharmacog. 2017;27:619-626.
  9. Priestap HA, Van Baren CM, Di Leo Lira, et al. Volatile constituents of Aristolochia argentina. Phytochemistry 2003;63:221-225.
  10. Silva MS, Miranda RRS, Ferraz VP, et al. Changes in the essential oil composition of leaves of Echinodrus macrophyllus exposed to γ-radiation, Rev Brasil Farmacog. 2013;23:600-607.
  11. Koster R, Anderson M, de Beer EJ. Acetic acid for analgesic screening. Fed Proc. 1959;18:412.
  12. Shibata M, Ohkubo T, Takahashi H, et al. Modified formalin test: characteristic biphasic pain response. Pain. 1989;38:347-352.
  13. Tita B, Abdel-Haq H, Vitalone A, et al. Analgesic properties of Epilobium angustifolium, evaluated by the hot plate test and the writhing test. Farmaco. 2001;56:341-343.
  14. Sewell RDE, Spencer PSJ. Antinociceptive activity of narcotic agonist and partial agonist analgesics and other agents in the tail-immersion test in mice and rats. Neuropharmacol. 1976;15:683-688.4
  15. Young JM, de Young JM. Cutaneous models of inflammation for the evaluation of topical and systemic pharmacological agents. In: Spector J, Back N, eds. Pharmacological methods in the control of inflammation. New York. p.215-231,1989.
  16. Tjølsen A, Berge OG, Hunskaar S, et al. The formalin test: an evaluation of the method. Pain. 1992;51:5-17.
  17. Castro FL. Atividade antiedematogênica e antinociceptiva do extrato aquoso de folhas de Echinodorus macrophyllus. Disser-tação (Mestrado pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2005.
  18. Fernandes DC. Fracionamento do extrato de Echinodorus mac-rophyllus biomonitorado pela atividade anti-inflamatória tópica. Dissertação (Mestrado pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioc-iências). Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2010.
  19. Ribeiro RA, Vale SM, Thomazzi AB, et al. Involvement of resident macrophages and mast cells in the writhing nociceptive response induced by zymosan and acetic acid in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000;387:111-118.
  20. Ikeda Y, Ueno A, Naraba H, et al. Involvement of vanilloid receptor VR1 and prostanoids in the acid-induced writhing responses of mice. Life Sci. 2001;69:2911-2019.
  21. Collier HOJ, Dinneen LC, Johnson CA, et al. The abdominal constriction response and its suppression by analgesic drugs in the mouse. Brit J Pharmacol. 1968;32:295-310.
  22. Shibata M, Ohkubo T, Takahashi H, et al. Modified formalin test: characteristic biphasic pain response. Pain. 1989;38:347-352.
  23. Coderre TJ, Yashpal K. Intracellular messengers contributing to persistent nociception and hyperalgesia induced by L-gluta-mate and substance P in the rat formalin pain model. Eur J Neurosci. 1994;6:1328-1334.
  24. Danneman PJ, Kiritsy-Roy JA, Morrow TJ et al. Central delay of the laser-activated rat tail-flick reflex. Pain 1994;58:39-44.
  25. Jensen TS, Yaksh TL. Comparison of antinociceptive action of morphine in the periaqueductal gray medial and paramedical medulla in the rat. Brain Res. 1986;363:99-113.
  26. Katzung BG. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 6th ed. Appleton and Lange, Connecticut, 2005.
  27. Le Bars D, Gozariu M, Cadden SW. Animal models of nociception. Pharmacol Rev. 2001;53:597-652.
  28. Bomba FDT, Wandji BA, Piegang BN, et al. Antinociceptive properties of the aqueous and methanol extracts of the stem bark of Petersianthus macrocarpus (P. Beauv.) Liben (Lecythidaceae) in mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;174:66-73.
  29. Richardson JD, Vasko MR. Cellular mechanisms of neurogenic inflammation. J Pharmacol Exp Therap. 2002;302:839-845.
  30. Banki E, Hajna Z, Kemeny A, et al. The selective PAC1 receptor agonist maxadilan inhibits neurogenic vasodilation and edema formation in the mouse skin. Neuropharmacol. 2014;85:538-547.
  31. Reddy LH, Couvreur P. Squalene: A natural triterpene for use in disease management and therapy. Advanc Drug Delivery Rev. 2009;61:1412-1426.
  32. Santos CCMP, Salvadori MS, Mota VG, et al. Antinociceptive and antioxidant activities of phytol in vivo and in vitro models. Neurosc J. 2013;2013:949452. doi: 10.1155/2013/949452.
  33. Silva RO, Sousa FBM, Damasceno SRB et al. Phytol, a diterpene alcohol, inhibits the inflammatory response by reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress. Fund Clin Pharmacol. 2014;28,455-464.
  34. Islama MT, Alic ES, Uddind SJ, et al. Phytol: A review of bio-medical activities. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018;121:82-94.
  35. Newill H, Loske R, Wagner J, et al. Oxidation products of stig-masterol interfere with the action of the female sex hormone 17b-estradiol in cultured human breast and endometrium cell lines. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007;51:888-898.
  36. Yadav M, Parlea M, Jindala DK, et al. Protective effects of stigmasterol against ketamine-induced psychotic symptoms: Possible behavioral, biochemical and histopathological changes in mice. Pharmacol Rep. 2018;70:591-599.
  37. Jelenko C, Wheeler ML, Anderson AP, et al. Studies in burns: XIV, Heling in burn wounds treated with Ethyl Linoleate alone or in combination with selected topical antibacterial agents Ann Surg. 1975;182:562-566.
  38. Charakida A, Charakida M, Chu AC Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of a lotion containing triethyl citrate and ethyl linoleate in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Br J Der-matol. 2007;157:569-574.
  39. Rayne S. Chemical profiles of essential oils and non-polar ex-tractables from sumac (Rhus spp.). a mini-review. Elect J Food Plant Chem. 2008;3:5-9.
  40. Muanda FN, Dicko A, Soulimani R. Chemical composition and biological activities of Ficus capensis leaves extracts. J Nat Prod. 2010;3:147-160.