Vol. 19 No. 2 (2020)
Original Articles

Vitamin D levels and risk of COVID-19 infection: A systematic review

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  • Ana C. Coelho-Oliveira,
  • Bruno B. Monteiro-Oliveira,
  • Rebeca B. M. Cavalcante,
  • Daniel B. Santos,
  • Anelise Sonza,
  • Danúbia C. de Sá-Caputo,
  • Mario Bernardo-Filho
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12957/bjhbs.2020.59708

Published 2021-01-04

Keywords

  • Vitamin D,
  • COVID-19,
  • Public health

How to Cite

1.
C. Coelho-Oliveira A, B. Monteiro-Oliveira B, B. M. Cavalcante R, B. Santos D, Sonza A, C. de Sá-Caputo D, Bernardo-Filho M. Vitamin D levels and risk of COVID-19 infection: A systematic review. BJHBS [Internet]. 2021 Jan. 4 [cited 2024 Oct. 11];19(2):83-90. Available from: https://bjhbs.hupe.uerj.br/bjhbs/article/view/73

Copyright (c) 2020 Brazilian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences

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Abstract

Objective: Consistent independent associations between low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and suscepti-bility to acute respiratory tract infections have suggested a possible involvement of vitamin D in reducing the risk of respiratory infections and proposing its replacement as a potential strategy for prevention or treatment in this con-text. However, the role of vitamin D supplementation in the infection by the novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 is still under investigation and no clinical evidence has been reported to date. Methods: Electronic searches in Pubmed, Embase and Scopus databases were conducted and three cohort studies that analyzed the effects of interaction of vitamin D with COVID-19, published only in English, were included. Two reviewers, which independently examined titles and abstracts, identified records through database search and reference screening and irrelevant studies were excluded based in eligibility criteria. Relevant full texts were analyzed for eligibility, and all relevant studies were included in the systematic review. Results: Three cohort studies were includ-ed in this systematic review with a mean methodological quality low. Only one study demonstrated interaction of low vitamin D concentration in patients with a positive diagnosis for COVID-19. Randomized clinical trials and studies of good methodological quality are necessary to confirm the findings of this systematic review. Conclusions: This systematic review has not demonstrated consistent associations between low levels of vitamin D and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. Further studies on vitamin D supplementation for the preven-tion of COVID-19 infection should be conducted.

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